Anthony Garotinho (born 1960), Brazilian politician.Narendra Modi (born 1950), Prime Minister of India.Herman Cain (1945–2020), during his United States presidential campaign in 2012.Donald Trump (born 1946) used the third person repeatedly during his presidency.Bernie Sanders (born 1941) used third person in his presidential campaign in 2016.Paulo Maluf (born 1931), Brazilian politician.
Mikhail Gorbachev (born 1931), Russian politician, President of USSR.Bob Dole (1923–2021), during his United States presidential campaign in 1996.Richard Nixon (1913–94), 37th president of the United States.Charles de Gaulle (1890–1970), president of France.General Douglas MacArthur (1880–1964) was known to refer to himself as "MacArthur" in telling stories involving himself.Henry Adams (1838-1918), historian, author and descendant of presidents John Adams and John Quincy Adams, throughout his autobiography The Education of Henry Adams (1918).Julius Caesar's Commentarii de Bello Gallico (58–49 BC) present the author's exploits in the Gallic War in the third person.Toddlers acquiring speech often refer to themselves in third person before learning proper usage of the pronoun "I," and their speech evolves past using illeism once they develop a strong sense of self-recognition, often before age two. Some parents use illeism (refer to themselves as "Daddy" or "Mommy") because very young children may not yet understand that the pronouns "I" and "you" refer to different people based on context. Ī number of celebrities, including Marilyn Monroe, Alice Cooper, and Deanna Durbin, referred to themselves in the third person to distance their public persona from their actual self. Known illeists of that sort include Swami Ramdas, Ma Yoga Laxmi, Anandamayi Ma, and Mata Amritanandamayi. Īccordingly, in certain Eastern religions, like Hinduism, illeism is sometimes seen as a sign of enlightenment, since through it, an individual detaches their eternal self ( atman) from their bodily form in particular, Jnana yoga encourages its practitioners to refer to themselves in the third person. Psychological studies show that thinking and speaking of oneself in the third person increases wisdom and has a positive effect on one's mental state because an individual who does so is more intellectually humble, more capable of empathy and understanding the perspectives of others, and is able to distance emotionally from one's own problems. On the other hand, third person self-referral can be associated with self-irony and not taking oneself too seriously (since the excessive use of pronoun "I" is often seen as a sign of narcissism and egocentrism), as well as with eccentricity in general.
Deepanjana Pal of Firstpost noted that speaking in the third person "is a classic technique used by generations of Bollywood scriptwriters to establish a character's aristocracy, power and gravitas". This was particularly made notable during the United States presidential election of 1996 and lampooned broadly in popular media for years afterwards. In different contexts, illeism can be used to reinforce self-promotion, as used to sometimes comic effect by Bob Dole throughout his political career ("When the president is ready to deploy, Bob Dole is ready to lead the fight on the Senate Floor", Bob Dole speaking about the Strategic Defense Initiative at the NCPAC convention, 1987). "Mongo like candy" and "Mongo only pawn in game of life" though it may also show innocent simplicity, as it does with Harry Potter's Dobby the Elf ("Dobby has come to protect, even if he does have to shut his ears in the oven door"). Illeism may also be used to show idiocy, as with the character Mongo in Blazing Saddles, e.g. Hays, and the newer essay treats the earlier work and earlier author at arms' length." Hays challenged earlier findings that he disagrees with: "These were the findings of one Richard B. In this way personal bias is presented, albeit dishonestly, as objectivity. Early literature such as Julius Caesar's Commentarii de Bello Gallico or Xenophon's Anabasis, both ostensibly non-fictional accounts of wars led by their authors, used illeism to impart an air of objective impartiality, which included justifications of the author's actions.
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